By Atoyebi Nike
Nigeria has been classified as “critical” on the 2025 Instability Risk Index released by SBM Intelligence, scoring 52 out of 100. The rating places the country among Africa’s most vulnerable states, with major concerns across security, governance and economic stability.
The index assesses four key clusters: Leadership and Governance (40%), Economy (30%), Geopolitics (15%) and History (15%). Nigeria posted scores of 16, 20, 6 and 10 respectively, resulting in its overall rating.
SBM Intelligence noted that Nigeria continues to struggle with insecurity, rising poverty and the impact of recent economic reforms. It said the removal of petrol subsidies, exchange rate adjustments and high living costs have placed heavy pressure on households and businesses.
The report linked Nigeria’s fragile economic state to slowing growth, widespread insecurity and the lingering effects of policy changes. However, it added that improved investor engagement and tighter fiscal measures have helped prevent a deeper economic crisis.
Politically, SBM observed that divisions from the 2023 elections still influence governance, though institutional continuity and ongoing reforms have helped maintain stability.
The think tank concluded that Nigeria remains on a fragile but recovering path, with reforms offering gradual relief despite persistent structural challenges.
